Understanding rotator cuff tears

Your shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body, offering the widest range of motion. A ball-and-socket joint, it is supported by several muscles and soft tissues that keep the joint in its place and allow smooth movement. One of the most important parts of this support system is the rotator cuff—a group of four muscles that provide strength and stability to your shoulder. When one or more of these muscles get injured or torn, it can cause pain, weakness and difficulty in arm movement, making even simple everyday activities harder to do.

Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are amongst the most common joint injuries in adults. It can happen due to natural wear and tear over time or because of an injury.

Types of tears

Partial thickness RCTs
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Tears that are incomplete and do not involve the full thickness of a muscle or tendon

Full thickness RCTs
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Tears that involve the full thickness of a muscle or tendon of the shoulder

Massive RCTs (MRCTs)
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Tear of at least two of the four rotator cuff tendons and/or pulling away from the place where tendons attach in your shoulder. MRCTs may be reparable or not. If they can’t be repaired, they are called Massive Irreparable RCTs (MIRCTs).